@article { author = {Ghafouri, Reza}, title = {Delgosha and Its Shahname-based Allusions}, journal = {Journal of Kavoshnameh in Persian Language and Literature}, volume = {18}, number = {34}, pages = {9-36}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Yazd University}, issn = {2645-453X}, eissn = {2645-4548}, doi = {}, abstract = {Abstract Delgosha book is a poem composed by its poet in 8th century. In this work poet composes history of Shabankare' kings from the first to beginning of Mongol invasion. At the beginning of composing this poem, he claimed that he saw Ferdowsi in dream who advised him to compose history of his age king to be famous in this way. So he composed "kings' fate" and as he calls Ferdowsi as his leader, he not only remembers Ferdowsi in his work but also comics his poetry style. Having a deep view in Ferdowsi's Shahname caused to point Shahname's heroes and their fates or compared his praised persons with Shahname's kings and heroes. Studying Shahnameh-based allusions of Delgosha book is a subject studied in this paper. Having a deep view in Ferdowsi's Shahname caused to point Shahname's heroes and their fates or compared his praised persons with Shahname's kings and heroes. Studying Shahnameh-based allusions of Delgosha book is a subject studied in this paper.}, keywords = {Delgosha book,Saheb,Shabankare' kings,Shahname}, title_fa = {«دفتر دلگشا» و تلمیحات شاه‌نامه‌ای آن}, abstract_fa = {«دفتر دلگشا» نام منظومه‌ای‌است از صاحب شبانکاره‌ای که آن ‌را در قرن هشتم سروده است. شاعر در این منظومه، تاریخ ملوک شبانکاره‌ را از آغاز پیدایش تا اوان حملة مغول به نظم درآورده‌است. او در آغاز و انجام منظومة خویش مدّعی شده که فردوسی را در خواب دیده و به او سفارش کرده تا تاریخ شاهان عصر خویش را به نظم درآورد تا نام او نیز بدین روش جاودان بماند. بنابراین صاحب سرگذشت ملوک شبانکاره را منظوم می‌سازد و از آن‌جا که فردوسی را یگانه راهنمای خود می‌داند، نه تنها بارها از این شاعر بلندآوازه در اثر خویش یاد می‌کند، بلکه از سبک شعری او نیز تقلید می‌نماید. نگرش عمیق صاحب به شاه‌نامة فردوسی سبب شده‌است که شاعر بارها در منظومة خویش، به قهرمانان شاهنامه و سرگذشت آنان اشاره نماید و یا آنکه ممدوحان خود را به شاهان و پهلوان شاهنامه تشبیه نماید. بررسی تلمیحات شاهنامه‌ای دفتر دلگشا موضوعی است که در این مقاله بدان می‌پردازیم.}, keywords_fa = {دفتر دلگشا,صاحب شبانکاره‌ای,ملوک شبانکاره,شاهنامه,شعر قرن هشتم}, url = {https://kavoshnameh.yazd.ac.ir/article_935.html}, eprint = {https://kavoshnameh.yazd.ac.ir/article_935_3fc937b5caf385b7dec8d053dbb52180.pdf} } @article { author = {Ekhteyari, Zahra}, title = {An Introduction to the Epic of Shahrokh-Nameh by Ghasemi Gonabadi}, journal = {Journal of Kavoshnameh in Persian Language and Literature}, volume = {18}, number = {34}, pages = {37-63}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Yazd University}, issn = {2645-453X}, eissn = {2645-4548}, doi = {}, abstract = {The epic of Shahrokh-Nameh is a Masnavi with 4700 verses that Ghasemi Gonabadi composed it about King Shahrokh and gifted it to the King Tahmasb Safavi in 950. The topic of Masnavi is about of conquests, preys, journeys, Honesty, goodness and braveries of Shahrokh Teymoori (779-850) from coronation to death. Shahrokh has not any biography except of this manuscript. Masnavi of Shahrokh-Nameh has not another manuscript in Iran, thus it was corrected according to British and French manuscripts.  After introducing of the Shahrokh-Nameh, some of the characteristics of Masnavi have been evaluated and its versions are introduced. The Saghi-Nameh of this Masnavi is introduced for the first time. Several parts of Sahrokh,s life from perspective of Ghasemi and historians of Shahrokh's period are compared. This historical epic is greatly based on historical documents and is composed according to the acts of Shahrokh. Although the description of the 43 years of Shahrokh's kingdom with about 50000 words by artistic descriptions and epic exagerations is a great work, Ghasemi has not explained the details of Sahrokh's life but nevertheless he afforded it very good. This is the first article in introducing and identification of the Shahrokh-Nameh}, keywords = {: Shahrokh-Nameh,Comparison with historical documents,Saghi-Nameh,Manuscript,Ghasemi Gonabadi}, title_fa = {بازشناخت حماسة شاه‌رخ‌نامه (سرودة قاسمی گنابادی)}, abstract_fa = {حماسة شاه‌رخ­نامة قاسمی گنابادی مثنوی­ای چهار هزار و هفت­صد بیتی است که در سال 950ق آن را سرود. موضوع آن شرح کشورگشایی­ها، شکارها، سفرها، عدالت ورزی‌ها و رشادت­های شاه‌رخ تیموری (850- 779) از بر تخت پادشاهی نشستن تا هنگام وفات است که به شاه‌طهماسب صفوی (ج. 930- د. 984) تقدیم شده است.  شاه‌رخ جز همین مثنوی، زندگینامة مستقلی ندارد. منظومة شاه‌رخ­نامه در ایران نسخه ندارد و نگارنده آن را براساس نسخة پاریس تصحیح کرده است. پس از معرّفی شاه‌رخ­نامه، به بررسی برخی ویژگی­های ادبی و زبانی منظومه و معرّفی نسخه­های آن پرداخته شده و ساقی­نامه­های این مثنوی برای اوّلین بار معرّفی گردیده است. چند فراز از زندگی شاه‌رخ از نگاه قاسمی و مورّخان عصر شاه‌رخ با هم مقایسه شدند. تحقیق نشان داد این حماسه تا حدّ زیادی مبتنی بر مستندات تاریخی است و به ترتیب وقوع عمل­کردهای شاه‌رخ سروده شده است. توصیف صحنه‌های نبرد با بیانی فخیم و حماسی و به کاربردن تعبیرها و ترکیب‌های زیبا، تضاد، سجع و واج‌آرایی از دیگر ویژگی‌های این اثر است.}, keywords_fa = {قاسمی گنابادی,شاه‌رخ‌نامه,حماسة تاریخی,ساقی‌‌نامه}, url = {https://kavoshnameh.yazd.ac.ir/article_961.html}, eprint = {https://kavoshnameh.yazd.ac.ir/article_961_7ceaf8fecc1836559c590d35ba8f8ee4.pdf} } @article { author = {زارع, محمد صادق and چراغی, رضا}, title = {Dual-Characterization of Mythological Figures in Shahnameh}, journal = {Journal of Kavoshnameh in Persian Language and Literature}, volume = {18}, number = {34}, pages = {94-65}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Yazd University}, issn = {2645-453X}, eissn = {2645-4548}, doi = {}, abstract = {Ferdowsi's Shahnameh is one of the worthwhile letters of Persian language which uncovers its worthy capacity and exclusivity for researchers and critics every day. The authors of the present study with special attention to Ferdowsi different characterization in Shahnameh tried to discover the dual characters. Ancient Iranian mythology and beliefs organized of different religions and ancient beliefs. Hence some mythical characters have different figures and even antithetical personality in literary texts. The interaction of these different views about some of the symbols and characters has created a dual-mode and ambivalent in these texts. Ferdowsi while being aware of this fact has made a good use of these different figures to make more real and more human characters. The authors intend to focus on this capacity of Shahnameh and present to its readers the worth of dealing with dual characters to manifest human characters in more realistic ways. Considering a good number of important figures such as Afrasiab, Sodabeh, Zahāk, Kaykavous with such dual characters, the authors point out to study them is of noticeable importance to manifestation of Shahnameh to people. They have considered, for example, Afrasiyab as a figure possessing dual character in Ferdowsi`s Shahnameh compared with a person of Manic-depressive personality style in modern psychopathology.}, keywords = {Afrasiyab,Manic- depressive,Psychology and Shahnameh,Characterization in Shahnameh}, title_fa = {شخصیّت‌پردازی دو‌وجهی در شاهنامة فردوسی ( با توجّه به تیپ شخصیّتی دوگانة شیدایی-افسردگی}, abstract_fa = {اساطیر و باورهای کهن ایرانی متشکّل از ادیان و کهن‌باورهای اقوام متفاوتی است؛ از اینرو برخی شخصیّت‌های اسطوره‌ای در متون مختلف دارای چهره‌های متفاوت و گاهی متّضاد هستند. در برخورد این آراء مختلف، پیرامون برخی نمادها و شخصیّت‌ها در متون متأخّرتر نوعی حالت دوگانه و دووجهی به وجود آمده است. فردوسی با آگاهی از موضوع فوق، این تضادها و تفاوت‌ها را دستمایه‌ای برای پردازش شخصیّت‌هایی واقعی‌تر و انسانی‌تر و چهره‌هایی دوگانه کرده است. نگارندگان برآنند تا با اثبات این فرضیه یکی دیگر از ظرفیّت‌ها و توانمندی‌های این اثر بزرگ زبان فارسی را فرا روی مخاطبان خود قرار دهند. با توجّه به وجود تعداد قابل توجّهی از چهره‌های مهمّ شاهنامه چون افراسیاب، سودابه، ضحاک، کیکاووس و.. که دارای این ویژگی شخصیّت‌پردازی هستند، بررسی و پژوهش در این مورد امری ضروری می‌نماید و دارای اهمّیّت و جذابیّت قابل توجّهی است. بنابراین برای اثبات فرضیة مقاله، شخصیّت افراسیاب تورانی به عنوان نمونه‌ای از این شخصیّت‌پردازی‌های دوگانه در شاهنامة فردوسی، با تیپ شخصیّتی شیدایی- افسردگی (Manic-Depresion) در علم آسیب‌شناسی روانی امروز مورد مقایسه و انطباق قرار می‌گیرد. ضحاک، افراسیاب، سودابه، کیکاووس، هوم، رستم و... چهره‌هایی دوگانه هستند که با کنش‌ها و روحیّات و احساسات دوگانه جلوه‌گر می‌شوند.}, keywords_fa = {افراسیاب تورانی,افسردگی- شیدایی,روانشناسی و شاهنامه,شخصیت‌پردازی در شاهنامه}, url = {https://kavoshnameh.yazd.ac.ir/article_933.html}, eprint = {https://kavoshnameh.yazd.ac.ir/article_933_532e938197afdba76864434cdb1709c9.pdf} } @article { author = {roozbeh, Mohammad Reza and Danyari, Kianoosh}, title = {Existentialist philosophies pay special attention to literature}, journal = {Journal of Kavoshnameh in Persian Language and Literature}, volume = {18}, number = {34}, pages = {95-125}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Yazd University}, issn = {2645-453X}, eissn = {2645-4548}, doi = {}, abstract = {Existentialist philosophers pay special attention to literature, including poetry; so that for them poetry is nothing save the poetry of existence. Poetry and poetic language is a measure that its focus is on the concept of existence and paying attention to sheer being is their great concern. Poetry of virgin poets somehow indicates the originality of the existence of the poet. Heidegger refers to language as the “room of the existence” of human and those who have great focus on language are poets. On the other hand existentialists have some principles including; possibility, freedom, individuality, anxiousness and finally interpretation. In this article, it has been attempted to survey the presence of these concepts in poetry (especially famous modernist poets) by figurative language (simile, metaphor) and their functions have been described; because this poetic mechanism deals with principle and existence of phenomena. In other words their functions are giving existence to routine and trivial beings and this matter leads minds to sheer existence. The reason that why great representatives of this school count poets as great existentialists will be discussed eventually. Keywords: Existentialism, Poetry, Interpretation, Figurative language                                     Existentialist philosophers pay special attention to literature, including poetry; so that for them poetry is nothing save the poetry of existence. Poetry and poetic language is a measure that its focus is on the concept of existence and paying attention to sheer being is their great concern. Poetry of virgin poets somehow indicates the originality of the existence of the poet. Heidegger refers to language as the “room of the existence” of human and those who have great focus on language are poets. On the other hand existentialists have some principles including; possibility, freedom, individuality, anxiousness and finally interpretation. In this article, it has been attempted to survey the presence of these concepts in poetry (especially famous modernist poets) by figurative language (simile, metaphor) and their functions have been described; because this poetic mechanism deals with principle and existence of phenomena. In other words their functions are giving existence to routine and trivial beings and this matter leads minds to sheer existence. The reason that why great representatives of this school count poets as great existentialists will be discussed eventually. Keywords: Existentialism, Poetry, Interpretation, Figurative language                                     Existentialist philosophers pay special attention to literature, including poetry; so that for them poetry is nothing save the poetry of existence. Poetry and poetic language is a measure that its focus is on the concept of existence and paying attention to sheer being is their great concern. Poetry of virgin poets somehow indicates the originality of the existence of the poet. Heidegger refers to language as the “room of the existence” of human and those who have great focus on language are poets. On the other hand existentialists have some principles including; possibility, freedom, individuality, anxiousness and finally interpretation. In this article, it has been attempted to survey the presence of these concepts in poetry (especially famous modernist poets) by figurative language (simile, metaphor) and their functions have been described; because this poetic mechanism deals with principle and existence of phenomena. In other words their functions are giving existence to routine and trivial beings and this matter leads minds to sheer existence. The reason that why great representatives of this school count poets as great existentialists will be discussed eventually. Keywords: Existentialism, Poetry, Interpretation, Figurative language                                     Existentialist philosophers pay special attention to literature, including poetry; so that for them poetry is nothing save the poetry of existence. Poetry and poetic language is a measure that its focus is on the concept of existence and paying attention to sheer being is their great concern. Poetry of virgin poets somehow indicates the originality of the existence of the poet. Heidegger refers to language as the “room of the existence” of human and those who have great focus on language are poets. On the other hand existentialists have some principles including; possibility, freedom, individuality, anxiousness and finally interpretation. In this article, it has been attempted to survey the presence of these concepts in poetry (especially famous modernist poets) by figurative language (simile, metaphor) and their functions have been described; because this poetic mechanism deals with principle and existence of phenomena. In other words their functions are giving existence to routine and trivial beings and this matter leads minds to sheer existence. The reason that why great representatives of this school count poets as great existentialists will be discussed eventually. Keywords: Existentialism, Poetry, Interpretation, Figurative language                                     Existentialist philosophers pay special attention to literature, including poetry; so that for them poetry is nothing save the poetry of existence. Poetry and poetic language is a measure that its focus is on the concept of existence and paying attention to sheer being is their great concern. Poetry of virgin poets somehow indicates the originality of the existence of the poet. Heidegger refers to language as the “room of the existence” of human and those who have great focus on language are poets. On the other hand existentialists have some principles including; possibility, freedom, individuality, anxiousness and finally interpretation. In this article, it has been attempted to survey the presence of these concepts in poetry (especially famous modernist poets) by figurative language (simile, metaphor) and their functions have been described; because this poetic mechanism deals with principle and existence of phenomena. In other words their functions are giving existence to routine and trivial beings and this matter leads minds to sheer existence. The reason that why great representatives of this school count poets as great existentialists will be discussed eventually. Keywords: Existentialism, Poetry, Interpretation, Figurative language                                     Existentialist philosophers pay special attention to literature, including poetry; so that for them poetry is nothing save the poetry of existence. Poetry and poetic language is a measure that its focus is on the concept of existence and paying attention to sheer being is their great concern. Poetry of virgin poets somehow indicates the originality of the existence of the poet. Heidegger refers to language as the “room of the existence” of human and those who have great focus on language are poets. On the other hand existentialists have some principles including; possibility, freedom, individuality, anxiousness and finally interpretation. In this article, it has been attempted to survey the presence of these concepts in poetry (especially famous modernist poets) by figurative language (simile, metaphor) and their functions have been described; because this poetic mechanism deals with principle and existence of phenomena. In other words their functions are giving existence to routine and trivial beings and this matter leads minds to sheer existence. The reason that why great representatives of this school count poets as great existentialists will be discussed eventually. Keywords: Existentialism, Poetry, Interpretation, Figurative language                                     Existentialist philosophers pay special attention to literature, including poetry; so that for them poetry is nothing save the poetry of existence. Poetry and poetic language is a measure that its focus is on the concept of existence and paying attention to sheer being is their great concern. Poetry of virgin poets somehow indicates the originality of the existence of the poet. Heidegger refers to language as the “room of the existence” of human and those who have great focus on language are poets. On the other hand existentialists have some principles including; possibility, freedom, individuality, anxiousness and finally interpretation. In this article, it has been attempted to survey the presence of these concepts in poetry (especially famous modernist poets) by figurative language (simile, metaphor) and their functions have been described; because this poetic mechanism deals with principle and existence of phenomena. In other words their functions are giving existence to routine and trivial beings and this matter leads minds to sheer existence. The reason that why great representatives of this school count poets as great existentialists will be discussed eventually. Keywords: Existentialism, Poetry, Interpretation, Figurative language                                     Existentialist philosophers pay special attention to literature, including poetry; so that for them poetry is nothing save the poetry of existence. Poetry and poetic language is a measure that its focus is on the concept of existence and paying attention to sheer being is their great concern. Poetry of virgin poets somehow indicates the originality of the existence of the poet. Heidegger refers to language as the “room of the existence” of human and those who have great focus on language are poets. On the other hand existentialists have some principles including; possibility, freedom, individuality, anxiousness and finally interpretation. In this article, it has been attempted to survey the presence of these concepts in poetry (especially famous modernist poets) by figurative language (simile, metaphor) and their functions have been described; because this poetic mechanism deals with principle and existence of phenomena. In other words their functions are giving existence to routine and trivial beings and this matter leads minds to sheer existence. The reason that why great representatives of this school count poets as great existentialists will be discussed eventually. Keywords: Existentialism, Poetry, Interpretation, Figurative language                                     Existentialist philosophers pay special attention to literature, including poetry; so that for them poetry is nothing save the poetry of existence. Poetry and poetic language is a measure that its focus is on the concept of existence and paying attention to sheer being is their great concern. Poetry of virgin poets somehow indicates the originality of the existence of the poet. Heidegger refers to language as the “room of the existence” of human and those who have great focus on language are poets. On the other hand existentialists have some principles including; possibility, freedom, individuality, anxiousness and finally interpretation. In this article, it has been attempted to survey the presence of these concepts in poetry (especially famous modernist poets) by figurative language (simile, metaphor) and their functions have been described; because this poetic mechanism deals with principle and existence of phenomena. In other words their functions are giving existence to routine and trivial beings and this matter leads minds to sheer existence. The reason that why great representatives of this school count poets as great existentialists will be discussed eventually. Keywords: Existentialism, Poetry, Interpretation, Figurative language                                     Existentialist philosophers pay special attention to literature, including poetry; so that for them poetry is nothing save the poetry of existence. Poetry and poetic language is a measure that its focus is on the concept of existence and paying attention to sheer being is their great concern. Poetry of virgin poets somehow indicates the originality of the existence of the poet. Heidegger refers to language as the “room of the existence” of human and those who have great focus on language are poets. On the other hand existentialists have some principles including; possibility, freedom, individuality, anxiousness and finally interpretation. In this article, it has been attempted to survey the presence of these concepts in poetry (especially famous modernist poets) by figurative language (simile, metaphor) and their functions have been described; because this poetic mechanism deals with principle and existence of phenomena. In other words their functions are giving existence to routine and trivial beings and this matter leads minds to sheer existence. The reason that why great representatives of this school count poets as great existentialists will be discussed eventually. Keywords: Existentialism, Poetry, Interpretation, Figurative language                                     Existentialist philosophers pay special attention to literature, including poetry; so that for them poetry is nothing save the poetry of existence. Poetry and poetic language is a measure that its focus is on the concept of existence and paying attention to sheer being is their great concern. Poetry of virgin poets somehow indicates the originality of the existence of the poet. Heidegger refers to language as the “room of the existence” of human and those who have great focus on language are poets. On the other hand existentialists have some principles including; possibility, freedom, individuality, anxiousness and finally interpretation. In this article, it has been attempted to survey the presence of these concepts in poetry (especially famous modernist poets) by figurative language (simile, metaphor) and their functions have been described; because this poetic mechanism deals with principle and existence of phenomena. In other words their functions are giving existence to routine and trivial beings and this matter leads minds to sheer existence. The reason that why great representatives of this school count poets as great existentialists will be discussed eventually. Keywords: Existentialism, Poetry, Interpretation, Figurative language                                     Existentialist philosophers pay special attention to literature, including poetry; so that for them poetry is nothing save the poetry of existence. Poetry and poetic language is a measure that its focus is on the concept of existence and paying attention to sheer being is their great concern. Poetry of virgin poets somehow indicates the originality of the existence of the poet. Heidegger refers to language as the “room of the existence” of human and those who have great focus on language are poets. On the other hand existentialists have some principles including; possibility, freedom, individuality, anxiousness and finally interpretation. In this article, it has been attempted to survey the presence of these concepts in poetry (especially famous modernist poets) by figurative language (simile, metaphor) and their functions have been described; because this poetic mechanism deals with principle and existence of phenomena. In other words their functions are giving existence to routine and trivial beings and this matter leads minds to sheer existence. The reason that why great representatives of this school count poets as great existentialists will be discussed eventually. Keywords: Existentialism, Poetry, Interpretation, Figurative language                                     Existentialist philosophers pay special attention to literature, including poetry; so that for them poetry is nothing save the poetry of existence. Poetry and poetic language is a measure that its focus is on the concept of existence and paying attention to sheer being is their great concern. Poetry of virgin poets somehow indicates the originality of the existence of the poet. Heidegger refers to language as the “room of the existence” of human and those who have great focus on language are poets. On the other hand existentialists have some principles including; possibility, freedom, individuality, anxiousness and finally interpretation. In this article, it has been attempted to survey the presence of these concepts in poetry (especially famous modernist poets) by figurative language (simile, metaphor) and their functions have been described; because this poetic mechanism deals with principle and existence of phenomena. In other words their functions are giving existence to routine and trivial beings and this matter leads minds to sheer existence. The reason that why great representatives of this school count poets as great existentialists will be discussed eventually. Keywords: Existentialism, Poetry, Interpretation, Figurative language                                    v Existentialist philosophers pay special attention to literature, including poetry; so that for them poetry is nothing save the poetry of existence. Poetry and poetic language is a measure that its focus is on the concept of existence and paying attention to sheer being is their great concern. Poetry of virgin poets somehow indicates the originality of the existence of the poet. Heidegger refers to language as the “room of the existence” of human and those who have great focus on language are poets. On the other hand existentialists have some principles including; possibility, freedom, individuality, anxiousness and finally interpretation. In this article, it has been attempted to survey the presence of these concepts in poetry (especially famous modernist poets) by figurative language (simile, metaphor) and their functions have been described; because this poetic mechanism deals with principle and existence of phenomena. In other words their functions are giving existence to routine and trivial beings and this matter leads minds to sheer existence. The reason that why great representatives of this school count poets as great existentialists will be discussed eventually. Keywords: Existentialism, Poetry, Interpretation, Figurative language                                 Existentialist philosophers pay special attention to literature, including poetry; so that for them poetry is nothing save the poetry of existence. Poetry and poetic language is a measure that its focus is on the concept of existence and paying attention to sheer being is their great concern. Poetry of virgin poets somehow indicates the originality of the existence of the poet. Heidegger refers to language as the “room of the existence” of human and those who have great focus on language are poets. On the other hand existentialists have some principles including; possibility, freedom, individuality, anxiousness and finally interpretation. In this article, it has been attempted to survey the presence of these concepts in poetry (especially famous modernist poets) by figurative language (simile, metaphor) and their functions have been described; because this poetic mechanism deals with principle and existence of phenomena. In other words their functions are giving existence to routine and trivial beings and this matter leads minds to sheer existence. The reason that why great representatives of this school count poets as great existentialists will be discussed eventually.    }, keywords = {Existentialism,Poetry,Interpretation,Figurative language}, title_fa = {اگزیستانسیالیسم شعری و نحوه تحقق آن با تمهیدات بیانی}, abstract_fa = {    فلاسفة اگزیستانسیالیست توجّه خاصّی به ادبیّات و از جمله شعر داشته‌اند؛ به‌طوری‌که برای آنان، شعر، شعرِ وجود است. شعر و زبان شعری محملی است که هستیِ هستندگان در کانون توجّه قرار می­گیرد و توجّه به هستیِ محض مهمترین دغدغة اگزیستانسیالیست‌هاست و شعر شاعران اصیل به نوعی نمایانگر اصالت وجود شاعر؛ هایدگر خانة هستی انسان را در زبان دانسته است و در این بین کسانی که بیش از همه بر زبان و مسائل آن تمرکز می­کنند، شاعران هستند. از طرف دیگر اگزیستانسیالیست­ها دارای اصولی هستند که عبارتند از؛ امکان، آزادی، فردیّت، دلهره و نگرانی و در نهایت تأویل. در این مقاله سعی بر این است که نحوة حضور این موارد در شعر(بویژه شعرِ شاعرانِ مطرحِ نوپرداز) با استفاده از تمهیدات بیانی(تشبیه، استعاره و نماد) و نحوة کارکرد آنها تشریح شود؛ زیرا این مکانیسم­های شعری با اصل و وجودِ پدیدارها سر و کار دارد و به بیانی دیگر کار آنها هستی بخشیدن به هستی­های تکراری و دم­دستی است و همین امر سوق‌دهندة اذهان به سمت هستی محض است. در نهایت علّت اینکه چرا افراد برجستة این مکتب، شاعران را بزرگترین اگزیستانسیالیست­ها محسوب کرده­اند، بررسی خواهد شد.}, keywords_fa = {اگزیستانسیالیسم,شعر,تأویل,وجود,تمهیدات بیانی}, url = {https://kavoshnameh.yazd.ac.ir/article_960.html}, eprint = {https://kavoshnameh.yazd.ac.ir/article_960_de191175c7fdb84e134626fcae78078e.pdf} } @article { author = {marjazade, saeede and Shareefpour, enayatolah and amiri khorasani, ahmad}, title = {The Reflection of Hypocrisy and Deception in Jami's Poems}, journal = {Journal of Kavoshnameh in Persian Language and Literature}, volume = {18}, number = {34}, pages = {127-157}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Yazd University}, issn = {2645-453X}, eissn = {2645-4548}, doi = {}, abstract = {Hypocrisy and deception are the moral vices which human societies have suffered from throughout history – the hypocrisy of the people who aimed at gaining social influence and prestige among people by showing an acceptable character. Jami is one of the outstanding poets of Iran's didactic literature who dealt with ethical issues, including hypocrisy, in his valuable works. It seems from his poems that pretending to be Sufi, forming bands of Sufis around a Sheik, residing in a convent for worldly purposes, and misusing religion and people's sincere beliefs have all been widespread in his time. In his poetry, particularly, in Silsilat-ul-Zahab, Jami criticizes this moral vice and reveals some examples of demagogy of the pretenders and hypocrites of his time. Therefore, it is necessary to examine his poems from this angle, so that we could clarify his poetic diction, and his view on hypocrisy and harms arising from this social vice. Undoubtedly, elicitation, examination and analyzing Jami's view on this issue can make a great contribution to better understanding of the ugliness of hypocrisy and the virtue of sincerity. The present article explains the concept of deception and uses library method of research to represent Jami's view towards it.}, keywords = {hypocrisy,sincerity,truth,duplicity,Jami}, title_fa = {ریا و تزویر و انعکاس آن در اشعار جامی}, abstract_fa = {یکی از رذایل اخلاقی که همواره جوامع بشری در طول تاریخ به آن مبتلا بوده‌اند، ریا و تزویر است. ریای افرادی که هدفشان کسب نفوذ و اعتبار اجتماعی با ارائة شخصیّتی مقبول در نزد مردم است. جامی یکی از شاعران برجستة ادبیّات تعلیمی ایران است که در آثار ارزشمند خود به مباحث اخلاقی ازجمله ریا پرداخته است. از اشعار او برمی‌آید که در دوران وی ریا، صوفی‌نمایی، تشکیل گروه‌هایی از متصوّفه در اطراف یک شیخ و سکونت در خانقاه برای مقاصد مادّی و سوءاستفاده از دین و باورهای خالصانة مردم، بسیار رواج داشته است. وی در اشعار خود، به‌ویژه در «سلسلة‌الذّهب»، با انتقاد از این رذیلت اخلاقی، گوشه‌هایی از مردم‌فریبی زاهدنمایان و ریاکاران زمان خود را برملا ساخته است و مردم را به آگاهی و شناخت و پیروی از نیک‌سیرتان مخلص و دوری از ریاکاران فرا می‌خواند تا از رهگذر آگاهی مردم، از رواج ریا جلوگیری نماید.  }, keywords_fa = {ریا,اخلاص,صدق,نفاق,جامی,سلسلة‌الذّهب}, url = {https://kavoshnameh.yazd.ac.ir/article_934.html}, eprint = {https://kavoshnameh.yazd.ac.ir/article_934_d19d98abd4ac759c45637d5948cfeae3.pdf} } @article { author = {باقرزاده, هاشم and نوریان, مهدی and براتی خوانساری, محمود}, title = {Investigating Epiphany Levels in the Miqat (the Stated Place) of Moses (PBUH) and the Ascension of Muhammad (PBUH) from Mystics’ Perspectives}, journal = {Journal of Kavoshnameh in Persian Language and Literature}, volume = {18}, number = {34}, pages = {159-186}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Yazd University}, issn = {2645-453X}, eissn = {2645-4548}, doi = {}, abstract = {  Epiphany is one of important concepts in the Islamic Mystics. One of the grounds of the mystics’ studies on this concept, is the issue of prophets’ epiphany and particularly two Quranic stories of the Miqat (the Stated Place) of Moses (PBUH) and the Ascension of Muhammad (PBUH). Therefore, the aim of the present study is the investigation of mystics’ perspectives about the Epiphany levels and status of Moses and Muhammad in their epiphany exposures. Under this aim, Sufis’ answers about the reasons of Muhammad’s observing God at the Ascension Night and Moses’ not seeing God, in spite of his demand, are analyzed. The researchers, by referring to the most important mystical prose texts (from the beginning to the 8th century AH), explained the issue. By investigating mystical ideas, it was identified that they considered the differences of the two messengers in these issues that Muhammad has the attributes of “Blessings abstractor, desired, master, seeker fascinated, beloved,” and enjoys the statuses such as: docility, fondness, awareness, and peace of mind. In contrast, Moses is “future, seeker, disciple, fascinated seeker, and lover” and enjoys the statuses such as: distress and mental disturbance, awe, ecstasy, confusion of mind, and patio in the Path of God. In general, the factor of Muhammad’s superiority over Moses is in the issue of epiphany, i.e. he has freed from the world veil, while Moses lives in this veil.  }, keywords = {Islamic mysticism,epiphany,epiphany levels,the Miqat (the Stated Place) of Moses (PBUH),the Ascension of Muhammad (PBUH}, title_fa = {بررسی مراتب تجلّی در میقات حضرت موسی(ع) و معراج حضرت محمّد(ص) از دیدگاه عرفا تا قرن هشتم}, abstract_fa = {موضوع این مقاله، بررسی دیدگاه‌های عرفا دربارة مراتب تجلّی با توجّه به قصّه‌های قرآنی میقات حضرت موسی(ع) و معراج حضرت محمّد(ص) است. خدا در حقّ موسی فرمود: «جاء موسی» و دربارة پیامبر گفت: «أسری بعبده.» عرفا با توجّه به این مسأله، میقات و معراج را سفری عرفانی می‌دانند. موسی طالب، مرید، محبّ و سالک مجذوب بود. در مقابل، محمّد مطلوب، مراد، محبوب ومجذوب سالک بود. همچنین، موسی دچار« صعقه» شد و با تجلّی حق دچار تغییر حالت گردید و درمقام تفرقه، تلوین، سکر و فنا بود. امّا پیامبر که سرمة «مازاغ البصر» داشت؛ در شب معراج همانگونه که رفته بود، بدون هیچ تغییری باز آمد و در مقام جمع و تمکین و صحو و بقا بود. در ذیل این موضوع، پاسخ صوفیان به این که چرا موسی «لن ترانی» شنید و پیامبر توانست خدا را شهود کند، تحلیل می‎شود. در میقات، وجود بشری موسی باقی بود و به همین دلیل از خدا «لن‌ترانی» شنید. ولی پیامبر ترک حجاب اعظم نفس کرده بود و توانست خدا را شهود کند. نویسندگان مقاله برای مقایسة مقام موسی و پیامبر و تبیین مراتب تجلّی عارض‎شده بر این دو نبی، به مطالعة مهمترین متون منثور عرفان اسلامی پرداخته‌اند و دیدگاه عرفا را در این زمینه واکاویده‌اند.  }, keywords_fa = {عرفان اسلامی,تجلّی,مراتب تجلّی,میقات حضرت موسی(ع),معراج حضرت محمّد(ص)}, url = {https://kavoshnameh.yazd.ac.ir/article_916.html}, eprint = {https://kavoshnameh.yazd.ac.ir/article_916_f8cd3a5793052fcfc8d61cfb34842028.pdf} } @article { author = {Khakpour, mohammad}, title = {The knowledge of Mineral in Anvari's Divan}, journal = {Journal of Kavoshnameh in Persian Language and Literature}, volume = {18}, number = {34}, pages = {187-218}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Yazd University}, issn = {2645-453X}, eissn = {2645-4548}, doi = {}, abstract = {Anvari was a famous poet and scholar of the sixth century whose Divan contains the knowledge of his time. He as the great poet of Abivard had a high level of knowledge in a number of areas including traditional and intellectual sciences and has repeatedly mentioned his own knowledge of the time. He has paid special attention to his knowledge of mineralogy to present his new images of this area in his Divan. Khaghani as another great poet can be considered with the same amount of knowledge. Considering the knowledge of Anvari about jewels and mineral, we mainly refer to these issues in Anvar's Divan in terms of traditional knowledge about minerals, metals, pseudo-metals and hydrocarbons. At first, Anvari's ideas about each mineral and the language he has used to describe them have been explained, and then the beliefs of old masters of that time have been reviewed. The main aim has been to compare his views with the oldest and most authoritative books available from that era to prove what Anvari has speculated and declared about mineral is not just for the matter of rhetoric. Rather it shows his knowledge of the mineralogy of the time which has been reflected in his poetic language. It goes without saying that modern view of the mineralogy partially contradicts the traditional understanding of Anvari's knowledge of the issue. Around forty cases of his numerations about minerals have been extracted which have been explained based on the modern mineralogy sources available to the authors.  }, keywords = {Anvari,Traditional and Intellectual Sciences,Mineralogy}, title_fa = {بررسی و تحلیل جلوه‏ های خردگریزی در اشعار صائب}, abstract_fa = {تا پیش از روزگار صفویه عوامل متعدّدی نظیر مجادلات دامنه‏دار اشاعره و معتزلیان و شکست طرف‏داران خرد در مقابل اشعریان خردگریز، غلبة اقوام بیگانه بر ایران، اشاعة نظام خانقاهی، تأسیس نظامیه‏ها و سیاست‏های خردستیز حاکمیّت‏ها موجب شده بود عقل و دانش‏های مرتبط با آن در جامعه ایرانی یکسو و واپس نهاده شود. بازتاب این تفکّر در ادبیّات فارسی، در هیئت نفی و مذمّت خرد و ترجیح عشق بر آن، با بسامد زیاد دیده می‏شود. جلوة بیشتر این موضوع سنّتی و دیرینه در آثار صائب و هم‌نسلان او قابل تأمّل است. برخی از دلایل مهمّ توجّه صائب و سرایندگان معاصر وی به موضوع تعطیلی خرد و نکوهش آن در شعر بدین ترتیب است: تقلید و تأثیرپذیری از نمونه‏های به تثبیت رسیده در آثار قدما؛ بعضی از اقتضائات و ظرفیّت‏های مهمّ سبک هندی نظیر مضمون‌پردازی، اسلوب معادله(روابط تناظری) و ایجاد تناسب و برقراری روابط شگفت‏انگیز و حیرت‌افزا میان واژگان در شعرو تأثیرپذیری از جریانات حاکم بر اوضاع اجتماعی و فرهنگی جامعه بویژه غلبة علمای اخباری و اهل حدیث بر حکماء و فلاسفه. این نوشته نشان می‌دهد که در اشعار صائب، خردگریزی با بسامد بالا و به گونه‏های متعدّدی جلوه یافته است که از آن میان به برتری عشق بر عقل، ترجیح جنون و شراب و مستی بر تعقّل و هوشیاری، تسلیم عقل در مقابل حسن و جمال یار، مذمّت خرد، پرهیز از علوم رسمی و نفی موشکافی و ردّ فلسفه و براهین منطقی می‏توان اشاره کرد. هم‏چنین این پژوهش به تحلیل علل و موجبات تحقیر خرد در دیوان صائب و جلوه‏های گوناگون آن می‏پردازد.}, keywords_fa = {صائب,خردگریزی,سبک هندی,مضمون‌پردازی,تداعی مضامین}, url = {https://kavoshnameh.yazd.ac.ir/article_938.html}, eprint = {https://kavoshnameh.yazd.ac.ir/article_938_020df84366809114d735141f8ea6cea3.pdf} } @article { author = {sadeghzadeh, mahmood and Zare bidoki, Maryam}, title = {A Study of the Linguistic Features of Children Poetry in Rahmandoost's Poems}, journal = {Journal of Kavoshnameh in Persian Language and Literature}, volume = {18}, number = {34}, pages = {219-246}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Yazd University}, issn = {2645-453X}, eissn = {2645-4548}, doi = {}, abstract = {Literary researchers and scholars have presented some criteria for children poems to which some of the children poets have tried to considered in their poems. These researchers believe it is very important to recognize these poets and their significant roles in producing of this type of poems. In the present paper with a descriptive-analytic approach the authors have tried to introduce the significant features of the children poems and the ways Rahmandoost has tried to consider them in his own children poems. To this end at first we have paid attention to children language's needs and the potentials available for creating children pure verse and then we have searched for the linguistic features, poetical images, rhyme of speech, apparent irregularities in terms of style and theme in Rahmandoost's most prominent poems. The findings of the study indicate that in the most effective children poems poetical elements have been used with respect to the linguistic limitations of children language. In other words, children have simple and sketchy linguistic potentials. Therefore, language, as an instrument to express meaning is more effective than other features with respect to children poetic potentialities. Children have also simple and imperfect language possibilities and their needs in poetry include concepts like happiness, fantasy, language games, jokes, spoken forms of language, realism, tangible contents, and preference of pleasure to education and illusion to reasoning    }, keywords = {Children poems,Language possibility,Children language needs}, title_fa = {بررسی ویژگی‌های زبانی شعر ناب کودک در اشعار رحماندوست}, abstract_fa = {پژوهشگران و صاحب‌نظران برای شعر ناب کودک امتیازات و مختصّاتی قائل هستند که بعضی از شاعران کودک با ویژگی‌های سبکی خود، بیش و کم بدان نزدیک شده‌اند. بررسی آثار شاعران کودک، برای تشخیص بیشتر این گونة شعر و تعیین جایگاه شعری آنان بسیار اهمّیّت دارد.  در این جستار به شیوة توصیفی- تحلیلی سعی شده ضمن معرّفی مختصّات شعر ناب کودک، به بررسی و ارزیابی کمّی جایگاه اشعار رحماندوست در این زمینه پرداخته شود .بدین منظور ابتدا به شناخت نیازها و امکانات زبانی کودک برای آفرینش شعر ناب کودک توجّه و سپس جلوه‌های شعر ناب از جنبه‌های زبانی، تصاویر شعری، موسیقی کلام، هنجارگریزی های سبکی و مضمون ها در مهمترین اشعار رحماندوست کند و کاو  و بررسی شده است. براساس یافته‌های این پژوهش، در شعر ناب کودک از عناصر شاعرانه با محدودیّت‌های زبانی خاصّی بهره گرفته می‌شود. کودکان امکانات زبانی ساده و ناقصی دارند. این امکانات بیشتر بر اساس تفکّر«خود میان بین»کودک قابل توجیه است و شامل:کاربرد صفت کلّی خوب، عدم درک علّت و معلول، قیاس نامعقول، تک‌گویی، پرش ذهنی، تفکّر شهودی، لذّت از تکرارها، عدم درک اسم معنا و....می‌شود. اصلی‌ترین ضرورت‌ها و مقوله‌های شعر ناب کودک نیز عبارتند از: شادی، فانتزی، بازی‌های زبانی، زبان طنز، زبان گفتار، واقع‌گرایی، مضامین ملموس، ترجیح لذّت برآموزش و ترجیح تخیّل بر تعقّل.  }, keywords_fa = {شعرناب,شعر کودک,امکانات زبانی,هنجار گریزی}, url = {https://kavoshnameh.yazd.ac.ir/article_936.html}, eprint = {https://kavoshnameh.yazd.ac.ir/article_936_b00850d881c20317e0355d1603effee0.pdf} } @article { author = {arab, mansoreh and Kazazi, Mir.j}, title = {The knowledge of Mineral in Anvari's Divan}, journal = {Journal of Kavoshnameh in Persian Language and Literature}, volume = {18}, number = {34}, pages = {274-272}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Yazd University}, issn = {2645-453X}, eissn = {2645-4548}, doi = {}, abstract = {Anvari was a famous poet and scholar of the sixth century whose Divan contains the knowledge of his time. He as the great poet of Abivard had a high level of knowledge in a number of areas including traditional and intellectual sciences and has repeatedly mentioned his own knowledge of the time. He has paid special attention to his knowledge of mineralogy to present his new images of this area in his Divan. Khaghani as another great poet can be considered with the same amount of knowledge. Considering the knowledge of Anvari about jewels and mineral, we mainly refer to these issues in Anvar's Divan in terms of traditional knowledge about minerals, metals, pseudo-metals and hydrocarbons. At first, Anvari's ideas about each mineral and the language he has used to describe them have been explained, and then the beliefs of old masters of that time have been reviewed. The main aim has been to compare his views with the oldest and most authoritative books available from that era to prove what Anvari has speculated and declared about mineral is not just for the matter of rhetoric. Rather it shows his knowledge of the mineralogy of the time which has been reflected in his poetic language. It goes without saying that modern view of the mineralogy partially contradicts the traditional understanding of Anvari's knowledge of the issue. Around forty cases of his numerations about minerals have been extracted which have been explained based on the modern mineralogy sources available to the authors.  }, keywords = {Anvari,Traditional and Intellectual Sciences,Mineralogy}, title_fa = {نمادشناسی جامه‌های سرخ در ادب فارسی (از آغاز تا دورة مشروطه)}, abstract_fa = {همواره بخشی از فرهنگ و وهویّت هر جامعه‌ای در جامه‌های آن سرزمین نمایان است. گام‌هایی که برای شناخت جامه‌های ایرانی برداشته شده با پژوهش‌های باستان‌شناسی همراه بوده است و کمتر به ادبیّات و آثار ادبی که زبان ثبت تاریخ و فرهنگ ایران است توجّه شده است. درحالی‌که بررسی جایگاه جامه‌ها و لباس‌ها در آثار ادبی می‌تواند راهگشای بسیاری از پژوهش‌های انسان‌شناسی فرهنگی و جامعه‌شناسی باشد و نتایج آن به بهبود زندگی اجتماعی و فرهنگی مردم و نیز درک بهتر آثار ادبی و حفظ هویّت فرهنگی کمک نماید. جامه‌های سرخ در ادب فارسی نماد قدرت و پادشاهی، دادخواهی، عشق و زیبایی، جشن و شادی و پاکدامنی، خشم و غضب، جنگ و جنگاوران، خادمان، سرکشی و دشمنی، دادخواهی، زنانگی، مجازات، خوش‌یمنی، خون‌خواهی وخونریزی، پیروان آیین مهر و شیعیان عهد صفوی بوده است. در این پژوهش با رویکردی توصیفی و تحلیلی و استفاده از مستندات کتابخانه‌ای پس از بررسی جایگاه رنگ سرخ در تمدّن و فرهنگ‌های گوناگون و در ادبیّات فارسی، به نمادشناسی جامه(انواع پوشش‌های سر، تن‌پوش‌ها ، پاپوش‌ها و تاج)‌های سرخ(لعل، لال، آل، ارغوانی، لاله‌گون و قرمز) در آثار نظم و نثر فارسی از آغاز تا دورة مشروطه پرداخته شده است.  }, keywords_fa = {جامه,سرخ و شعر,شعر البسه,نمادشناسی,جامعه‌شناسی ادبیّات}, url = {https://kavoshnameh.yazd.ac.ir/article_937.html}, eprint = {https://kavoshnameh.yazd.ac.ir/article_937_cfbcc1cc5a1ce7a1ee42d4e44997807f.pdf} } @article { author = {Eskandari, amrollah and kahdouei, mohammad kazem}, title = {The knowledge of Mineral in Anvari's Divan}, journal = {Journal of Kavoshnameh in Persian Language and Literature}, volume = {18}, number = {34}, pages = {273-312}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Yazd University}, issn = {2645-453X}, eissn = {2645-4548}, doi = {}, abstract = {Anvari was a famous poet and scholar of the sixth century whose Divan contains the knowledge of his time. He as the great poet of Abivard had a high level of knowledge in a number of areas including traditional and intellectual sciences and has repeatedly mentioned his own knowledge of the time. He has paid special attention to his knowledge of mineralogy to present his new images of this area in his Divan. Khaghani as another great poet can be considered with the same amount of knowledge. Considering the knowledge of Anvari about jewels and mineral, we mainly refer to these issues in Anvar's Divan in terms of traditional knowledge about minerals, metals, pseudo-metals and hydrocarbons. At first, Anvari's ideas about each mineral and the language he has used to describe them have been explained, and then the beliefs of old masters of that time have been reviewed. The main aim has been to compare his views with the oldest and most authoritative books available from that era to prove what Anvari has speculated and declared about mineral is not just for the matter of rhetoric. Rather it shows his knowledge of the mineralogy of the time which has been reflected in his poetic language. It goes without saying that modern view of the mineralogy partially contradicts the traditional understanding of Anvari's knowledge of the issue. Around forty cases of his numerations about minerals have been extracted which have been explained based on the modern mineralogy sources available to the authors.  }, keywords = {Anvari,Traditional and Intellectual Sciences,Mineralogy}, title_fa = {کانی شناسی(جواهرشناسی) در دیوان انوری}, abstract_fa = {دیوان اشعار انوری، از سخنوران و دانشمندان نامدار سدة ششم، حاوی دانش‌های زمانة اوست. سخن‌سرای ابیورد، برای عرضة تصاویر تازة خود، به علوم رایج زمانه‌اش از جمله «کانی شناسی »، توجّه ویژه‌ای داشته و به نکات بسیاری از این دانش اشاره کرده است، تنها خاقانی را می‌توان از شاعران بزرگی دانست که در این زمینه با او برابری می‌کند. در این نوشتار، مقصود، کانی‌شناسی از نظر قدماست که شامل کانی‌ها، فلزها ، شبه فلزات و ئیدروکربورها می‌شده است. ابتدا سخن انوری دربارة هر گوهرِ کانی، از صفات و خواص و ... مطرح شده و سپس پنداشت‌های دانشمندان و کانی‌شناسان گذشته مطرح گردیده است؛ همچنین سعی شده با بهره‌گیری از قدیمی‌ترین و معتبرترین کتب در دسترس، ثابت گردد که آنچه انوری دربارة کانی­ها گفته، صرفاً به قصد بلاغت نبوده، و دانش جواهرشناسی آن روزگار هم سخنان انوری را تأیید می‌کند؛ البتّه اندکی از باورداشت‌های قدما، از دید امروزی­ها اشتباه و غیرقابل‌قبول است}, keywords_fa = {انوری,کانی‌شناسی,سنگ‌های قیمتی}, url = {https://kavoshnameh.yazd.ac.ir/article_962.html}, eprint = {https://kavoshnameh.yazd.ac.ir/article_962_be1356d9c852713e47f65178364010b9.pdf} }